Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran PAI di Kelas V SDN 13 Tuapejat

Abstract

This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted to improve the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) at SDN 13 Tuapejat through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. The background of the study lies in the observation that many students were passive during lessons and relied heavily on teacher explanations, which limited their ability to analyze and reflect on religious concepts in daily life. The research was implemented in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through observation sheets, student worksheets, and reflection notes. The findings revealed that PBL encouraged students to engage actively in identifying real-life problems, discussing them collaboratively, and proposing solutions based on Islamic values. As a result, students’ participation and critical thinking indicators showed significant improvement from cycle to cycle. The use of contextual problems not only enhanced comprehension of Islamic teachings but also fostered cooperative learning and self-confidence. This study concludes that applying PBL in IRE learning can effectively increase students’ critical thinking skills and overall classroom engagement